The concept of victory takes a symbolic meaning in the awareness of peoples, a subjective recipe based on considerations and priorities, and a compound content that combines a mixture of material and moral factors, according to the opinions of many theorists in the military and political field.
Although determining the victor from the defeated raises the difference in opinions, it acquires a special characteristic in the case of the wars of liberation, due to the length of its term, and the increasing importance of the moral dimension in it, in light of the imbalance of the balance of material powers in favor of the occupier in favor of the occupier.
In light of the ongoing war in the Gaza Strip, this issue is important, due to the widespread controversy over the future of the conflict and the implications of the battle over the future of the Palestinian liberation march.
The colonial effort
The colonial effort is not limited to the military dimension, but rather a project that begins with thought, and employs culture, science, economy and military power to achieve its goals, and in return, the wars of liberation confront it in all these areas.
Many intellectual works dealt with the concept of victory and defeat and the factors that achieve them, and it is clear in the sum of these works the centrality of the cultural and psychological dimension, in terms of the hardness of the will and the self -perspective of each party in determining the result of any conflict, especially in the wars of liberation.
Those who dealt with these topics are military theorists Carl Klaosvitz and Andre Bouofer, Chinese leader Maozi Tong, and Italian thinker Antonio Gramshi.
disarmament
The concept of national will as the axis of war and its end is highlighted in the traditional military perspective, as the famous military scene defines Karl Klaosvitz, the war in his book “from the war” as “an act of violence that aims to force our opponent to implement our will, so violence, that is, material power is the means, and the compulsory enemy subject to our will is the ultimate goal.”
To complete this goal, the enemy must be disarmed, and thus the disarmament of the direct goal of hostilities becomes theoretical.
This concept is highlighted in the Israeli position seeking to disarm the Palestinian resistance in Gaza, as it is an embodiment of the victory that it seeks, and a guarantee to weaken the resisting work in quantity and quality in the future.
Will struggle
It also highlights the role of feelings in the war of Clauzvitz, as he says: “If the war is a act of power, it is necessarily related to feelings.
This perspective sheds light on the centrality of the moral dimension in the beginning and end of the war, and in the appreciation of the peoples for being victorious or defeated in any war.
In turn, Andre Bouv, the military scene and chief of staff NATO Alliance The former, in his book “An Introduction to the Military Strategy”, is that the war is a struggle for its results, “a psychological event that we want to happen to the enemy to push it to convince that the engagement or the follow -up of the conflict is useless.”
Thus, the definition of defeat when Bouv provided is that it is a psychological state, before anything else, and therefore any people seeking liberation, and refuses to surrender to the will of the occupation or recognize its legitimacy cannot be counted according to this definition.
Victory and sacrifice
From his long experience in the war, the leader of the popular revolution in China presented Mao Zedong, in his book “guerrilla“A theory in the revolutionary war, in which he defined victory as” eliminating the old regime and establishing a new regime that corresponds to the aspirations of the masses. “
And victory like this cannot be achieved quickly, but it is the result of “the long war that drains the enemy’s strength and gradually increases our strength”, and in this long march the war should not be separated from the masses, so as not to “lose its soul and become merely a unable military force .. this is the beginning of the end”, the people are water, and the war of gangs is the fish that swims in it, and without water the fish dies.
According to Moo, the principle of war, and the basis of all military principles, is self -preservation and enemy annihilation.
While “every war requires a price, and this price may be very expensive at times”, this does not contradict the principle of self -preservation, but rather unites with him, “because such a sacrifice is not not only, not only for the enemy, but also for self -preservation.”
In the event of the war in the Gaza Strip, it appears that the ceiling of the occupation’s goals is to eliminate the Palestinian people in the Gaza Strip, by displacing it and controlling the land, which was stated by the Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu repeatedly.
And when he is unable to do so, the minimum goals is to establish a new system in Gaza Strip In accordance with the interests of the occupation, in addition to stripping the resistance of its weapons and the displacement of hundreds or thousands of its leaders and cadres.
In the face of the continuation of the resistance work, and the inability of the occupation from stability in the sector, the isolation of the resistance from its audience has become a priority for the occupation projects, as in the projects of “humanitarian bubbles, or linking the distribution of humanitarian aid to security investigation and calling on the Palestinians to move to areas run by agents for the occupation, as in the case of the militia that he established Yasser Abu Shabab“In the east Rafah.
In addition, the direct propaganda effort or through the friends or allies of the occupation and the countries printed with it and its peace, which formed the cultural and psychological confrontation front by the media of all kinds.
Cultural War Front
The Italian philosopher Antonio Gramsci provides a special concept of victory, or political hegemony, as it monitored through his involvement in political action in Italy in the 1920s.
Gramsci has taken from the concept of “cultural hegemony” a systematic criterion in discussing the nature of the political conflict, noting that “the superiority of a social group is manifested in two ways, in terms of control, and in terms of intellectual and moral leadership.”
The Italian philosopher – according to a group of his letters published in his book “Prison Books” – believes that the revolutionary victory takes place with a mixture of military and cultural action, named the first “the movement of the movement” or “the war of maneuvering”, and the second name “the war of sites”.
It focuses on the centrality of the long -term cultural and intellectual struggle in achieving victory, which is complementary and widely with the military war, and thus the achievement of “cultural hegemony” is a previous condition for achieving and preserving military victory.
While Gramsci sees that the military maneuver war is the most appropriate to confront authoritarian regimes, which is consistent with the state of colonialism as in the theory of French philosopher Franz Fanon, he believes that the war of cultural sites is the most appropriate in countries that contain an effective and influential civil society as is the case in Western countries.
Although Gramsci’s observations are primarily submitted to explaining the cases of the popular revolution against arbitrary regimes, they provide extracts that can be used in other cases of conflict, such as the wars of national liberation.
The struggle for consciousness
In the ongoing war in Gaza, the size of the conflict appears to direct the masses inside and outside Gaza, with the aim of determining the outcome of the confrontation in various areas of the conflict, through the contradictory and contradictory narratives between the occupation and its supporters on the one hand and the resistance and its supporters on the other hand, regarding the nature of the battle, its causes, its findings and its horizon.
It is based on the extent of the spread and acceptance of these narratives, a great impact on the behavior of peoples and political forces inside and outside Palestine.
While the decline in the popularity of the occupation around the world appears according to many opinion polls, especially in the countries that support it traditionally, it focuses its efforts on changing awareness inside Gaza to impose an acceptable political and military result for it, by employing violence Fwjluser To formulate a consciousness subject to him or complicit with him.
Thus, his focus on imposing solid facts is superior to the “war of maneuvering”, while his behavior causes more and deeper losses on the “war of sites” or culture and awareness around the world. This is a very harmful and sensitive matter for a country that relied on this support in its establishment and depends on it to protect it and ensure its survival.
On the other hand, the intensification of war crimes against the people of the Gaza Strip, the perpetuation of the siege, and the anti -resistance media pump Al -Aqsa Flood Among the inhabitants of Gaza, it decreased from what it was in March 2024.
As for the West Bank, the results differ, although its direction is affected by the same pressing factors on Gaza, as the support rate of the Al -Aqsa Flood decision decreased from what it was in December 2023.
These results come in light of an intense media work for the occupation and the countries that support it and its printing with it and its peace, in parallel with the tightening of the screws on various forms of support for resistance and criminalizing its support.
And all of this had a desirable impact on the occupation on imposing an complicated awareness of it, and it was subject to its will, although statistics and opinion polls around the world are beneficial to deepening the losses of the occupation and the decline in support of it, which was reflected on international positions regarding the rejection of the continuation of the war and the siege on Gaza in recent months.
14 out of 15 countries voted in Security Council In early June 2025, a draft resolution calls for the cessation of the war in Gaza, and only the American veto was stopped.
Freedom or submission
In conclusion, the final result of the liberation war is limited to two things, either to obtain independence and freedom, or abandon the dream of freedom and submit to the will of the occupier.
In contrast to the stability of one of the two cases, the result of any military war is not an absolute victory, absolute and final defeat, according to Klauzvitz, “The defeated state often sees in what has been afflicted with only a transient evil, which can later be addressed with political solutions.”
In exchange for the military and cultural action of the occupation, the steadfastness of the Palestinian people’s narration in general and its resistance in particular regarding the war and its justice is a fundamental matter in stabilizing the advanced sites that the cultural war has gained due to the performance of the military resistance on the one hand, and the crimes and brutality of the occupation on the other hand.