The program is still a program Iran Al -Nawawi is the focus of inspectors International Atomic Energy AgencyAnd, especially since any possible agreement between Tehran And the United States Regarding the program, it is likely to rely on the Agency, which is widely considered to be the United Nations Nuclear Control Authority.
This week, Western countries are heading to a decision in the Atomic Agency Governor Council, which condemns Iran for not complying with the agency’s inspectors, which leads to an escalation of the case to UN Security Council.
A new round of talks between Iran will be held next Sunday in Muscat, after the US President announced Donald Trump It will take place Thursday.
Negotiations are stalled on the issue of uranium enrichment. While Tehran insists that it is entitled to enriching uranium under the Treaty of Reducing Nuclear Weapons, the administration of the US President is that Iran is enriching uranium “a red line.”
According to the Atomic Agency, Iran is the only non -nuclear force that fertilizes uranium by 60%, knowing that the ceiling of the fertilization level was specified at 3.67%in the 2015 agreement, and the manufacture of nuclear nuclear enrichment requires 90%.
The United States and its Western allies accuse Tehran of seeking to possess nuclear weapons, which Tehran denies, stressing that its nuclear program is exclusively civil.
In the event that an agreement is not reached with Washington, Iran may face a “return” of all international sanctions that were originally lifted under The nuclear agreement What Tehran concluded with the world powers in 2015 if one of the Western signers announced that Tehran does not comply with the agreement.
All this paves the way for a new confrontation with Iran in light of the continued tensions in The Middle East Amid the Israeli war on Gaza, and the role of the atomic agency -which takes Vienna Its headquarters- in such circumstances makes it a decisive player in the future.
Below is more information about the atomic agency inspections in Iran, the potential agreements and risks related to it:
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Corn for peace
The International Atomic Energy Agency was established in 1957, and it was inspired by a letter delivered by US President Dwight de Ezenhauer in United Nations In 1953, he called for the formation of an agency to monitor the global nuclear stocks to ensure that “the supernatural creativity should not be devoted to his death, but for his life.”
In general, the agency oversees the amounts reported by its member states, and divide them into 3 distinct categories.
The vast majority of these groups constitute the countries that have concluded the so -called “comprehensive guarantees agreements” with the Atomic Agency, countries that do not have nuclear weapons and allow the agency to monitor all nuclear materials and activities.
The second category includes “voluntary show agreements” with the world -winning nuclear weapons countries, which are China France And Russia And the United Kingdom And the United StatesAnd these agreements are usually specific to civil nuclear sites.
Finally, concluded International Atomic Energy Agency “Conventions of a specific item” with India And Israel And PakistanAnd they are nuclear weapons countries that have not signed a treaty prohibition of nuclear weapons.
This treaty obliges countries to refrain from possessing or making nuclear weapons, and North Korea – which also has nuclear weapons – has declared its withdrawal from the treaty, although some experts question the validity of this claim.
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The collapse of the Iranian nuclear agreement for the year 2015
allowed The nuclear agreement The Iranian 2015 with the global powers – which was negotiated during the era of President Barack Obama – to Iran Uranium enrichment By 3.67%, which is sufficient to supply a fuel nuclear power plant, but it is much lower than the 90% threshold needed for uranium used in weapons.
The agreement also greatly reduced Iran’s uranium stocks, its use of the central expulsion, and relied on the International Atomic Energy Agency to oversee compliance Tehran By additional monitoring.
But US President Donald Trump in his first term in 2018 withdrew from the agreement unilaterally, stressing that it was not strict enough and did not address the Iranian missile program or support the armed factions in the area The Middle East The broader, and this led to years of tensions, including attacks in the sea and righteousness.
Iran is now enriching uranium by up to 60%, a short technical step that separates it from the fertilization levels needed to make nuclear weapons.
Iran also has sufficient stock to build nuclear bombs if it decides, it has always insisted that its nuclear program is dedicated to peaceful purposes, but the International Atomic Energy Agency and Western Intelligence agencies and others say that Tehran She had an organized arms program until 2003.
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Atomic Agency and Iran inspections under the 2015 agreement
Iran has agreed to allow the Atomic Agency to reach its nuclear program, and this included the installation of cameras and devices permanently in nuclear sites.
Those cameras inside the metal covers coated with special blue paint showed any attempt to manipulate them taking fixed images of sensitive sites, and other devices known as “online enrichment devices” measured the level Uranium enrichment In the Iranian Nunz Nuclear facility.
The Atomic Agency regularly sent inspectors to Iranian sites to conduct surveys, sometimes collecting environmental samples with cotton cloth and swabs that are tested in the Laborators of the International Atomic Energy Agency in Austria, and others monitor Iranian sites via pictures Satellite.
In the years after Trump’s decision in 2018, Iran recorded the inspections of the International Atomic Energy Agency, and prevented the agency from reaching the cameras.
She also removed the cameras, and at some point they accused Iran One of the inspectors of the International Atomic Energy Agency that he had proven an explosive nitrate, which was denied by the agency.
I entered International Atomic Energy Agency In negotiations that lasted for years with Iran to restore full access to its inspectors, although Tehran did not agree to this, it did not fully expel the inspectors.
Analysts believe that this is part of Iran’s broader strategy to use its nuclear program a bargaining paper with the West.
Without reaching an agreement with the United States, the Iranian economy has long been struggling in a state of collapse, which may exacerbate the escalating turmoil at home.
It has advanced Israel Or the United States to carry out air strikes as long as they threatened to target Iranian nuclear facilities.
Experts fear that Tehran will decide in response to this ending its full cooperation with the Atomic Agency, withdrawing from the Treaty of the Non -Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, and the speedy manufacturing Nuclear bomb.
If an agreement is reached or even a preliminary understanding between the two parties, this is likely to reduce the possibility of an immediate military strike by the United States.
As for the Arab Gulf states – which opposed Obama’s negotiations with Iran in 2015 – they are now welcoming the talks during the Trump era, and any agreement that will require the Atomic Agency inspectors to verify Iran’s commitment.
But Israel – which launched strikes on Iranian -backed groups throughout the region – remains an unlimited factor in what it could do. Last year, it carried out its first military air strike on Iran, and it warned that it was ready to move alone to target the Iranian nuclear program, just as it did previously in Iraq 1981 Growria 2007.